Scrotum and spermatic cord

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The scrotum is a cutaneous fibromuscular sac composed of thin, pigmented skin and multiple layers of fascia and smooth muscle. The structures contained in the scrotal sac are the testes, epididymis, and lower parts of the spermatic cord. The function of the scrotum is to facilitate the positioning of the testes external to the pelvis. This is fundamental for maintaining the optimal temperature for spermatogenesis, which is several degrees below normal body temperature.

The testis is suspended in the scrotum by the spermatic cord. The spermatic cord is a collection of vessels, nerves, and ducts surrounded by muscle and fascia, that run to and from the testis. Its component layers arise from the deep inguinal ring and inguinal canal, ultimately exiting at the superficial inguinal ring to terminate in the scrotum, at the posterior aspect of the testis. The fascial coverings of the spermatic cord are derived from the anterior abdominal wall, which is explained as the testes 'dragging' the layers of the abdominal wall during their descent into the scrotum during fetal life. Each testis resides in its own compartment, which are separated by a vertical fibrous scrotal septum.

If you want to learn more about the structure of the scrotum and spermatic cord, check our video below!

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