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Chondrocyte
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Chondrocytes produce collagen and the extracellular matrix. They are found in the avascular tissue known as cartilage.
The extracellular matrix that is produced by the chondrocytes is important in the maintenance of cartilaginous tissue. Chondrocytes produce the collagen that is found in the matrix as well as the glycosaminoglycans
and proteoglycans.
There are three different types of cartilage: hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage and fibrocartilage. Each of these differ in appearance and mechanical properties of their matrix.
The cartilage arises from a process called chondrogenesis. Chondrogenesis is a process of cartilage development in which mesenchymal cells express collagen I, III and V. The initial site of cartilage formation is an aggregation of mesenchymal cells known as the chondrogenic nodule. Transcription factor then triggers the differentiation of these cells into chondroblasts. As the chondroblasts secrete matrix, they progressively move apart. Once they are completely surrounded by matrix, they are referred to as chondrocytes.
| Terminology | English: Chondrocyte Latin: Chondrocytus |
| Location | Extracellular matrix |
| Function | Produce collagen and the extracellular matrix that forms cartilage |
Learn more about the chondrocytes in this study unit:
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